The S -directed S -adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase (SAM-MT) 4-methylthio-2-hydroxybutyrate (MTHB) S -methyltransferase, encoded by the dsyB/DSYB gene, is the key enzyme of this pathway, generating S -adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and 4-dimethylsulfonio-2-hydroxybutyrate (DMSHB). The methionine transamination pathway for DMSP synthesis is used by most known DMSP-producing algae and bacteria.

DMSP is an anti-stress compound and, once released into the environment, a major nutrient, signalling molecule and source of climate-active gases. Finally, by applying the non-linear regression analysis, an equation has been developed to determine the tensile strength of GFRP bars with different diameters at different temperatures.Marine algae and bacteria produce eight billion tonnes of the organosulfur molecule dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in Earth’s surface oceans every year. Models show that the bar diameter has significant effect on the GFRP bars’ tensile strength variations when subjected to temperature fluctuations. In addition, the contribution of each parameter (bar diameter and temperature) was examined using a probability model, including the Analysis of variance. The obtained tensile strength from four-point flexure test, on average, reduced about 21, 31 and 38% at temperatures of 0, -20, and -40 ☌ and 11, 20 and 29% at temperatures of 40, 60, and 80 ☌, respectively. Furthermore, the highest reduction in tensile strength under flexure test occurred at -40 ☌ for most diameters. The experimental results indicate that the tensile strength variation of GFRP bars with different diameters obtained from four-point flexure test are slightly different from those obtained using direct tensile test.

Then, the tensile strength of GFRP bars with different diameters is obtained in low and high temperatures (-40 to 80 ☌) using four-point flexure test.

In this experimental study, the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of four types of GFRP bars with different diameters at 20 ☌ under four-point flexure test are initially investigated and their results are compared with those of a direct tensile test.

Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have been increasingly used in structures due to their advantages However, the effect of temperature variation is likely to degrade their mechanical behavior.

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